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目的分析2010—2014年邢台县西部山区肺结核患病情况,为提高结核病防控效果提供依据。方法利用《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》结核病信息管理系统,对邢台县西部山区肺结核患者就诊内容进行汇总、统计和分析。结果 2010—2014年,邢台县累计接诊西部山区疑似肺结核5 109例,年均就诊率2.63‰,不同年度就诊率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);确诊肺结核1 224例,年均登记率为62.96/10万,不同年度登记率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001);发现耐药菌株23株,结核分支杆菌总耐药率为12.92%,耐多药率为5.06%,广泛耐药率为0.56%;肺结核就诊来源依次是因症就诊、转诊、追踪和因症推荐,共1 201例占98.12%;职业分布依次是农民和学生,分别占84.89%和7.52%;15~64岁年龄组是主要感染人群,共1 088例占88.89%,男性病例明显多于女性,男女比例为2.02:1。结论邢台县西部山区肺结核患病情况呈下降趋势,加强对农民、学生和男性青壮年等重点人群结核病防治,是控制结核病流行的重要措施;提高基层医疗卫生机构结核病发现力度,及时将非结防机构发现的疑似肺结核患者转诊和追踪到结核病定点医院就诊,是提高肺结核发现和治疗管理的关键。
Objective To analyze the prevalence of tuberculosis in western mountainous areas of Xingtai County from 2010 to 2014 and provide basis for improving the prevention and control of tuberculosis. Methods The tuberculosis information management system of “China Disease Prevention and Control Information System” was used to summarize, count and analyze the treatment contents of tuberculosis patients in western mountain areas of Xingtai County. Results From 2010 to 2014, Xingtai County received 5 109 cases of suspected pulmonary tuberculosis in the mountainous areas of the western region, with an average annual visiting rate of 2.63 ‰. There were significant differences in visits between different years (P <0.001); 1 224 confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis cases were registered annually The rate of registration was 62.96 / 100 000, with significant difference in registration rates in different years (P <0.001). Twenty-three drug-resistant strains were found. The total drug resistance rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was 12.92% and the multi-drug resistance rate was 5.06% The prevalence of tuberculosis was 0.56%. A total of 1 201 cases accounted for 98.12% of the total cases. The occupational distribution was followed by farmers and students, accounting for 84.89% and 7.52% respectively. The 64-year-old group is the major infectious population, with a total of 1 088 cases accounting for 88.89%. The male cases were significantly more than the female cases, with a ratio of 2.02: 1. Conclusions The prevalence of tuberculosis in the western mountain areas of Xingtai County is on a declining trend, and tuberculosis control in key populations such as peasants, students and young adults is an important measure to control the prevalence of tuberculosis. The detection of tuberculosis in grassroots medical and health institutions should be strengthened and non- Referral and tracking of suspected TB patients identified by an agency to a designated TB hospital is the key to improving tuberculosis discovery and treatment management.