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本文报导4例二氧化氮中毒,为的是提高对工业毒气危害的认识,并探讨由于急性暴露于氮酸雾所致的肺功能损害及其治疗。氮酸雾由浓度不同的五种氮氧化物所组成,其中最有害的是二氧化氮。患者系造船工或煤矿工。吸入氮酸雾后2～6小时或延迟到36小时后中毒症状逐渐加重,有头痛、胸闷、胸痛、刺激性咳嗽、黄痰或痰中带血丝、出汗、气急、严重者出现端坐呼吸、紫绀或寒战、发热。入院时体检,二肺散布干、湿罗音或捻发音。X线胸部检查,二肺中下野有群集粟粒状斑片阴影,呈肺水肿征象。心电图示窦性心动过速。各例白细胞总数和中性粒细胞均增多。痰培养均无病原菌生长。肺功能测
This article reports four cases of nitrogen dioxide poisoning, in order to raise awareness of the dangers of industrial gas poisoning, and explore the lung damage due to acute exposure to nitrogen mist and its treatment. Nitric acid mist consists of five different concentrations of nitrogen oxides, the most harmful of which is nitrogen dioxide. Patients are shipbuilders or coal miners. Inhalation of nitrogen mist after 2 to 6 hours or delayed to 36 hours after poisoning symptoms gradually increased, headache, chest tightness, chest pain, irritating cough, phlegm or phlegm with bloodshot, sweating, shortness of breath, severe cases of sitting breathing , Cyanosis or chills, fever. Physical examination on admission, disseminated dry lungs, wet rales or twist pronunciation. Chest X-ray examination, the middle and lower lungs have a cluster of miliary patch shadow, showed signs of pulmonary edema. Electrocardiogram shows sinus tachycardia. The total number of cases of leucocytes and neutrophils increased. No sputum culture pathogen growth. Pulmonary function test