从七十年代中期起,苏联经济增长的速度开始变慢。揭示这种变慢的性质和原因及其克服的方法,是经济学研究的重要方面之一。粗放型发展的可能性减少,即人口数量增长的速度下降、最好的自然资源已经耗尽通常被用来解释所产生的困难。尽管这些困难在一定的程度上是能够加以克服的,它们却是客观上存在的。然而,主观 From the mid-1970s, the rate of economic growth in the Soviet Union began to slow down. Revealing the nature of this slowdown and its causes and the ways to overcome it are one of the important aspects of economics. The possibility of extensive development is diminishing, ie the rate of population growth is declining and the best natural resources are exhausted, which are often used to explain the difficulties that have arisen. Although these difficulties can be overcome to a certain extent, they exist objectively. However, subjective