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中暑常发生于老年人、幼儿及产妇,以高热、汗闭、惊厥及昏迷为主要临床特征。伴昏迷者,死亡率高。中暑伴昏迷者死亡率高。中暑发生昏迷的主要机制是:①直接损伤:Anderson认为,当体温升至41.6℃时对中枢神经系统产生直接损伤。②脑缺氧:高热可致脑耗氧量增加,供氧量降低,引起脑缺氧。Rosonff实验认为,体温增高1℃,脑耗氧量增加5.7％,脑脊液压力增加5.5％。动物实验业已证明,过热可使动脉血氧饱和度减少25％。③脑水肿:缺氧引起毛细血管通透性增加,高热致脑血流加速,脑血容量增加,最终导致脑水肿。④脑出血:其发生的主要原因为毛细血管通透性增加、凝血酶原减少及血小板减少。Malanud在125例中暑
Stroke often occurs in the elderly, young children and mothers, with high fever, sweat off, convulsions and coma as the main clinical features. With coma, high mortality. Sunstroke with coma high mortality. The main mechanisms of coma after heat stroke are: ① direct damage: Anderson believes that when the body temperature rises to 41.6 ℃, it causes direct damage to the central nervous system. ② cerebral hypoxia: high fever can cause increased brain oxygen consumption, decreased oxygen supply, causing cerebral hypoxia. According to Rosonff’s experiment, the body temperature increased by 1 ℃, the brain oxygen consumption increased by 5.7%, and the cerebrospinal fluid pressure increased by 5.5%. Animal experiments have shown that overheating can reduce arterial oxygen saturation by 25%. ③ cerebral edema: hypoxia caused by increased capillary permeability, hyperactivity caused by accelerated cerebral blood flow, increased cerebral blood volume, eventually leading to cerebral edema. ④ cerebral hemorrhage: The main reason for the occurrence of increased capillary permeability, reduced prothrombin and thrombocytopenia. Malanud heat stroke in 125 cases