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关于南斯拉夫的经济体制和经济政策,《科技导报》第一期已作了概括的介绍,这里不再赘述。南斯拉夫自1952年实行“新经济体制”以后,经历了28年的曲折、反复和重大演变的过程,在实践中取得了较好的成绩。总的来说,实际产量按每年6％增长,其中工业9％,农业约3％,工业在国民经济的地位有突出的提高。它的规模、技术水平以及产品的质量和复杂程度都有显著变化。由于从重工业着手搞经济建设,南斯拉夫将差不多1/3的国民收入用于资金积累或投资。有大量农业人口迅速转移到生产率较高的工业部门。农业劳动力的比例由2/3下降到约为2/5。全民教育也有极大提高,约有20％的适龄人口进入高等学校,这个比率比英国的还要高。
With regard to Yugoslavia’s economic system and economic policies, the first phase of Science and Technology Herald has made a general introduction and will not be repeated here. Yugoslavia has experienced 28 years of twists, turns and major evolutions since the introduction of the “New Economic System” in 1952 and has achieved good results in practice. In general, the actual output has increased by 6% per annum, of which 9% is in industry and about 3% in agriculture, and the status of industry in the national economy has been remarkably improved. Its size, technical level and product quality and complexity have changed significantly. As a result of undertaking economic construction from heavy industry, Yugoslavia spent almost a third of its national income on capital accumulation or investment. A large number of agricultural population have been rapidly transferred to the more productive industrial sector. The share of agricultural labor dropped from 2/3 to about 2/5. EFA has also been greatly improved. About 20% of the population of the right age has entered higher education institutions, a rate even higher than in the United Kingdom.