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目的:观察大鼠脊神经前根撕脱伤对盆底肌运动神经元的存活、一氧化氮合酶和N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸型受体表达的影响。方法:实验于2004-06/2005-01在汕头大学医学院人体解剖学教研室神经科研室完成。取雄性SD大鼠25只,背部切口显露脊髓,拔除一侧L6～S2脊神经前根。术后动物分为5组,分别为术后3,7,14,21,28d组,每组5只。术后在规定时间大鼠常规麻醉下取L6～S2节段,制备冰冻切片,进行还原型烟酰腺嘌呤二核苷酸组织化学染色、中性红复染和N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体免疫组织化学染色观察各组大鼠前角运动神经元存活率、还原型烟酰腺嘌呤二核苷酸阳性神经元数目、前角运动神经元N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体亚单位表达密度。结果:25只大鼠均进入结果分析。①术后3,7,14,21,28d时间点,术侧前角运动神经元存活率分别为96%,85%,50%,35%和20%。②术后7,14,21,28d,一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元标记率为6%,40%,62%和41%。③术侧前角运动神经元N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体亚单位表达改变,其中术后7,14,21d组1型受体亚单位表达明显少于对照侧(0.044±0.004,0.021±0.003,0.036±0.004,0.063±0.009,P<0.05～0.01),2型B受体亚单位表达显著高于对照侧(0.110±0.010,0.133±0.006,0.085±0.009,0.079±0.008,P<0.05～0.01),2型A受体亚单位表达无明显变化。结论:前根撕脱伤导致盆底肌运动神经元在较短的时间内发生死亡,一氧化氮合酶持续表达和N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体亚单位的表达变化,可能是导致运动神经元死亡的重要原因。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of anterior spinal root ganglion (AVN) avulsion on the survival of motoneurons in the pelvic floor muscles and the expression of NOS and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Methods: The experiment was performed at Department of Neurology, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shantou University from June 2004 to January 2005. Twenty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were used, the spinal cord was revealed by incision in the back and the anterior root of L6-S2 spinal nerve was extracted. Postoperative animals were divided into 5 groups, respectively, 3,7,14,21,28 d after surgery, each group of 5. After routine anesthesia in rats at regular intervals take L6 ~ S2 segments, frozen sections were prepared for reduction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide histochemical staining, neutral red dye and N-methyl-D-day The survival rate of anterior horn motor neurons, the number of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide positive neurons, the anterior horn motor neurons N-methyl-D-day Aspartate receptor subunit expression density. Results: Twenty-five rats were involved in the result analysis. ① At 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after operation, the survival rates of motor neurons in the anterior lateral horn were 96%, 85%, 50%, 35% and 20% respectively. ② At 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after operation, the positive rate of nitric oxide synthase positive neurons was 6%, 40%, 62% and 41% respectively. ③ The expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit in motor neurons changed at the anterior operative angle, and the expression of type 1 receptor subunit at 7, 14 and 21 days after operation was significantly lower than that at the control side (0.044 ± 0.004, 0.021 ± 0.003, 0.036 ± 0.004, 0.063 ± 0.009, P <0.05 ~ 0.01), and the expression of type 2 B receptor subunit was significantly higher than that of the control (0.110 ± 0.010,0.133 ± 0.006,0.085 ± 0.009,0.079 ± 0.008 , P <0.05 ~ 0.01). The expression of type 2 A receptor subunit did not change significantly. CONCLUSION: Anterior root avulsion causes the pelvic motoneurons to die in a short time, the sustained expression of nitric oxide synthase and the expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits, May be the leading cause of motor neuron death.