论文部分内容阅读
目的分析佛山市职业健康现状,为制定今后本市的职业病防治工作措施提供依据。方法收集2010年本市禅城区、南海区、三水区和高明区4个城区企业的职业健康状况资料进行分析。结果 2010年,4个城区共调查存在职业病危害的企业10 443家,98.01%为中小型企业,70.52%为制造业;从事接触各类职业病危害因素作业人员323 326人,南海区企业生产人员、接触职业病危害因素人员和接触职业病危害因素女工所占比例均最高,占4个城区同类人员的64.28%以上;企业工作场所职业病危害因素监测合格率为88.54%,南海区监测合格率分别低于禅城区和三水区(87.52%vs 90.16%、87.52%vs 92.78%,P<0.01)。2008—2010年4个城区企业接触职业病危害因素人员在岗期间职业健康检查受检率为16.59%,南海区受检率分别低于禅城区和高明区(12.38%vs15.38%、12.38%vs 33.12%,P<0.01);新发职业病129例。至2010年,企业从业人员工伤保险参保率为79.20%;南海区参保率分别低于禅城区和高明区(77.34%vs 83.28%、77.34%vs 93.68%,P<0.01);4个城区共有职业卫生专业人员101人,与存在职业病危害因素企业数量比为1∶103(101∶10 443),职业卫生专业人员人力资源短缺。2010年政府财政拨款投入职业卫生经费占卫生经费的3.93%。结论应建立多部门联动机制,加强对中小型企业的监督管理;加大职业卫生经费投入,加强职业病防治能力建设;加强对企业主要负责人和劳动者的培训教育;加强职业卫生信息化建设以及时掌握信息,采取措施控制职业病的发生。
Objective To analyze the status quo of occupational health in Foshan City and provide the basis for formulating the preventive measures against occupational diseases in this city in the future. Methods The data of occupational health status of enterprises in four urban districts of Chancheng District, Nanhai District, Sanshui District and Gaoming District in 2010 were analyzed. Results In 2010, 10 443 enterprises with occupational hazards were investigated in 4 cities and districts, 98.01% were small and medium-sized enterprises and 70.52% were manufacturing industries. A total of 323 326 workers engaged in various occupational hazards were exposed. Enterprises in Nanhai District, The proportion of women workers exposed to occupational hazards and occupational hazards was the highest, accounting for 64.28% of the total number of similar persons in 4 urban districts. The occupational disease risk monitoring rate in the workplace was 88.54%, and that in the South China Sea was lower than that of Chan Urban and Sanshui District (87.52% vs 90.16%, 87.52% vs 92.78%, P <0.01). During 2008-2010, occupational hazards among workers in urban area of four cities were detected in 16.59% of occupational health check-ups during the period of post-employment, while rates in South China Sea were lower than those in Chancheng and Gaoming (12.38% vs15.38%, 12.38% vs 33.12%, P <0.01); 129 new occupational diseases. By 2010, the occupational injury insurance coverage rate of enterprises was 79.20%; that of Nanhai District was lower than that of Chancheng District and Gaoming District (77.34% vs 83.28%, 77.34% vs 93.68%, P <0.01) There are 101 professional occupational health professionals in the urban area, with a ratio of 1:103 (101:10 443) to the number of enterprises with occupational disease hazards. There is a shortage of human resources for occupational health professionals. In 2010, government funds allocated to occupational health funding accounted for 3.93% of health funds. Conclusions A multi-sectoral linkage mechanism should be established to strengthen the supervision and management of small and medium-sized enterprises; increase investment in occupational health to strengthen capacity building for prevention and control of occupational diseases; strengthen training and education for key persons in charge of enterprises and laborers; strengthen the construction of occupational health informatization Timely grasp of information, take measures to control the occurrence of occupational diseases.