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[目的]为降低生产成本,寻找新的生物柴油生产工艺。[方法]以废大豆油为原料,先用脂肪酶水解大豆油,使其酸值达到(160±5)mgKOH/g油;然后以大豆油脂肪酸为原料,硫酸为催化剂,采用两步酯化法制备生物柴油。研究两步酯化法过程中浓硫酸用量、甲醇用量及流速对酯化率的影响。[结果]试验得出,第1步酯化甲醇的质量分数为80%,浓硫酸的质量百分数为0.7%,反应温度为(338±2)K;第2步循环酯化通入甲醇的流速为1.1 ml/min,反应温度为(375±5)K,大豆油脂肪酸甲酯化的转化率达到最高,为99.52%。[结论]研究可为制备生物柴油使用新的原料和途径提供科学的理论依据。
[Objective] To reduce the production cost and find out the new biodiesel production technology. [Method] With waste soybean oil as raw material, the soybean oil was first hydrolyzed with lipase to make the acid value reach (160 ± 5) mgKOH / g oil. Then using soybean oil fatty acid as raw material and sulfuric acid as catalyst, Biodiesel method. The effects of the amount of concentrated sulfuric acid, the amount of methanol and the flow rate on the esterification rate in the two-step esterification process were studied. [Result] The results showed that in the first step, the mass fraction of esterified methanol was 80%, the concentration of concentrated sulfuric acid was 0.7% and the reaction temperature was (338 ± 2) K. The flow rate of the second step of esterification into methanol Was 1.1 ml / min and the reaction temperature was (375 ± 5) K. The conversion rate of methyl esterification of soybean oil reached the highest value of 99.52%. [Conclusion] The research could provide a scientific theoretical basis for preparing new raw materials and ways for biodiesel production.