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对文学经典的讨论是当下文学研究的热点问题之一。文学经典在中文语境中主要指承载文学之“至道”和“鸿论”的各类文学典籍,而在西文语境中其含义稍显复杂,本文主要探讨艾布拉姆斯和佛克马对文学经典的界定。文学经典的建构是由经典的自律和他律规则合力共同作用的结果,其建构过程也离不开政治意识形态和文化权力的影响。文学经典之争主要是指本质主义经典观与建构主义经典观之间的论争。本质主义的经典观认为,经典是由于具有内在的本质性特征使其成为经典;建构主义的经典观则关注性别、种族、地域等因素,考察经典形成中的权力因素。
The discussion of literary classics is one of the hot issues in contemporary literary studies. Literary classics in the Chinese context mainly refers to all kinds of literary books carrying literary “To the Dao ” and “Hong Lun ”, and its meaning is slightly more complicated in the Western context, this article mainly discusses Abra James and Fokke on the definition of literary classics. The construction of literary classics is the result of the combination of classical self-discipline and the rules of other disciplines. The construction of literary canon is also inseparable from the influence of political ideology and cultural power. The debate of literary classics mainly refers to the debate between the classical concept of essentialism and the classical concept of constructivism. The essentialism of the essentialism holds that the classic is due to its intrinsic nature and makes it a classic, while the constructivist classical view focuses on the factors of gender, race and geography to examine the power elements in the formation of the classics.