恶性肿瘤的化学治疗,近年来发展较快,已应用于临床的抗肿瘤药物按其作用方式来分类,有烃化剂、代谢拮抗物及其他类等。其中以烃化剂较重要。本文系对烃化剂的抗肿瘤作用机制及各类烃化剂的特点概述于下。具有抗肿瘤作用的烃化剂主要包括:氮芥类、乙烯亚胺类及磺酯类。它们的作用机制相似,均系在体内形成活性极高的烃基离子(Carbonium ions)(图1),而与细胞成份中某些功能基团如氨基、巯基、羧基、烃基等起烃化作用(图2),使之在细胞内的功能丧失。但在生理条件下,烃基、巯基是不解 Chemotherapy of malignant tumors, developed rapidly in recent years, has been applied to clinical anti-cancer drugs according to their role in the classification, there are alkylating agents, metabolic antagonists and other types. Among them, alkylating agents are more important. This article is on the mechanism of antitumor effects of alkylating agents and the characteristics of various types of alkylating agents summarized below. The antitumor effects of alkylating agents include: nitrogen mustards, ethyleneimines and sulfonates. Their mechanism of action is similar, both in the body to form highly active carbon-based ions (Carbonium ions) (Figure 1), but with the cell components of some functional groups such as amino, mercapto, carboxyl, Figure 2), so that the loss of function in the cell. However, under physiological conditions, hydrocarbyl, mercapto is unknown