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在高、中水头电站压力管道的分岔结构中,球形岔管(以下简称球岔)已日益引起设计者注意,不少地方已付诸于施工实践和正常运行。 球岔是由主管、分岔支管和空心圆球截交而成的组合壳体结构。由于空心圆球与任何对心相接的圆管或截头圆锥管都是正交的,故可布置成任意交角。另外,在多机共管时,有时可能节省一个岔管,同时也相对地缩短了弯管长度。 由于空心球、圆管、截头圆锥都属于旋转壳体,其组合壳-球岔具有良好的三维应力状态,受力条件好。
In the bifurcation structure of the pressure pipelines of the High and Middle Hydropower Plants, the spherical bifurcation pipe (hereinafter referred to as the ball bifurcation) has drawn increasing attention from designers and many places have been put into construction practice and normal operation. Ball bifurcation is composed of competent, bifurcated branch pipe and hollow ball cut into the composite shell structure. Since the hollow sphere is orthogonal to any concentric tube or truncated cone, it can be arranged at any angle of intersection. In addition, in the multi-machine control, it may sometimes save a bifurcation, but also relatively shorten the length of the elbow. As the hollow ball, pipe, frustum cone belong to the rotating shell, the combination shell - ball bifurcation has a good three-dimensional stress state, the stress conditions.