军团菌病于1976年首先发现,1980年美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)开始对此病进行被动监测。监测资料显示,老年人、吸烟、伴呼吸系统疾病、免疫功能受损者易患此病,嗜肺军团菌(LP)为其主要病原菌。1989年后,军团菌病的诊断及治疗方法的重大变化,如尿抗原检测的广泛应用、大环内酯类及氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物大量应用于肺炎的经验性治疗, Legionella disease was first discovered in 1976 and the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) began to passively monitor the disease in 1980. Monitoring data show that the elderly, smoking, with respiratory diseases, immune compromise susceptible to the disease, Legionella pneumophila (LP) as its main pathogen. After 1989, major changes in the diagnosis and treatment of Legionnaires’ disease, such as the widespread use of urinary antigen tests, the extensive use of macrolides and fluoroquinolones in the empirical treatment of pneumonia,