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由于政局动荡、市面萧条、工商企业衰敝等因素的影响 ,1 92 7— 1 93 7年间上海的失业形势十分严重。在失业群体中 ,以民族工商业的工人、职员等男性青壮年为主 ,其文化程度总体上较低 ,失业的时间较长 ,谋生的压力较重。他们或力图通过社会中介机构谋求就业机会 ;或参加各类职业培训 ,提高再就业技能 ;或在政府和社会的帮助下 ,自主就业。就这一时期再就业的特点而言 ,一是传统的血缘、地缘关系仍是失业者在沪谋生的主要条件 ,同时市场化就业的趋势也日趋明显 ;二是就业竞争十分激烈 ,再就业的成功率不高 ;三是政府和社会在这一过程中形成了一定的分工。
Due to political turmoil, the market slump and the deteriorating of business enterprises, the unemployment situation in Shanghai in the last seven years was very serious. Among the unemployed groups, mainly male and female-owned workers such as ethnic industrial and commercial workers and staff members have a relatively low level of education, a long period of unemployment and a heavy pressure to make a living. They may seek to seek employment opportunities through social intermediaries or take part in various types of vocational training to enhance their re-employment skills or employ their own jobs with the help of government and society. As far as the characteristics of reemployment in this period are concerned, firstly, the traditional blood relationship and the geo-relation are still the major conditions for the unemployed to earn a living in Shanghai. Meanwhile, the trend of market-oriented employment has also become increasingly obvious. Second, the employment competition is very fierce and re-employment The success rate is not high; third, the government and society formed a certain division of labor in the process.