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企业投资主体的真正确定及其投资行为的合理化必须以明确的所有权法律规范为条件,即从法律上明确规定:企业的税后留利及其所建立的资产归企业所有;企业用银行贷款进行的投资,在用自有资金还本付息后,拥有资产所有权。上述企业资产所有权还要通过发股票的形式,进一步量化到劳动者。为了解决投资所有权分散化与社会化大生产集中性的矛盾,必须开放长期资金市场。中央政府投资行为合理化的关键在于实现经济职能的转换,即从促进经济增长转化为维持经济增长的平衡。地方政府应退出直接生产性投资领域,用基础设施的完善程度等指标作为考核地方政府领导者政绩的主要尺度,割断地方政府同企业之间的行政隶属关系。
The real determination of enterprise investment entities and the rationalization of their investment behaviors must be based on clear ownership legal norms, that is, legally specified: the company’s after-tax profit and the assets it establishes should be owned by the company; enterprises should use bank loans. The investment, after using its own funds to pay back principal and interest, owns the assets. The above-mentioned ownership of the company’s assets must be further quantified to the laborer by issuing stocks. In order to solve the contradiction between the decentralization of investment ownership and the concentration of socialized production, it is necessary to open up the long-term capital market. The key to rationalizing the investment behavior of the central government is to achieve the transformation of economic functions, that is, from the promotion of economic growth to the maintenance of economic growth. Local governments should withdraw from the direct productive investment field, use indicators such as the degree of infrastructure improvement as the main criteria for assessing the performance of local government leaders, and cut off the administrative affiliation between local governments and enterprises.