工业革命推动了资本主义经济的快速发展,但工人阶级的生活条件却没有得到改善,政治权利也非常有限,周期性的经济危机还进一步加剧了工人的贫困。为了改善劳动条件和生活状况,19世纪三四十年代,欧洲兴起了工业无产阶级政治运动。马克思和恩格斯在工人运动的实践中,批判地吸 The industrial revolution promoted the rapid development of the capitalist economy, but the living conditions of the working class did not improve and the political rights were very limited. The cyclical economic crisis further aggravated the poverty of workers. In order to improve working conditions and living conditions, in the 1930s and 1940s, the industrial proletarian political movement in Europe sprang up. Marx and Engels suck critically in the practice of the workers’ movement