短文习作:人物介绍类

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   人物介绍类书面表达通常要求同学们根据提示介绍一个特定的人物,一般是对作者或公众有一定影响的人物。一般来说,对人物的介绍通常包括:家庭背景、教育状况、主要事迹或成就、公众评价等。
  常见的传记写作顺序有:1. 以时间先后为顺序;2. 以空间的变换为顺序;3. 以作者的认知发展为顺序。采用时间顺序的居多。这种文体的写作时态一般是过去时。
  与其他题材相比,人物介绍容易显得平淡,写得不好往往给人以枯燥乏味之感,但如果结构安排得当,介绍引人入胜,也可以成为一篇佳作。下面从标题、开头和结尾这三个方面谈一点人物介绍类写作的技巧:
  1. 标题。可以直接用被介绍人物的名字,也可以冠上该人物的头衔或职务;
  2. 开头。可以开门见山,直接介绍主人公,内容包括:出生时间、地点、外貌及职业等;
  3. 结尾。有总结性结尾、含蓄的启发性结尾、鼓动型结尾、首尾呼应型结尾等,同学们可以根据需要决定采用哪一种。
  我们可以从下面的两篇例文来领会人物介绍类短文的写作技巧:
  习作1  Zhu Zhiwen, a diligent farmer and brilliant singer, is really a hit throughout the world. Born in a poor family, he received almost no school education at all. However, he has wildly devoted himself to music. Regardless of winds, rain or cold, he has been practicing singing in the local forest, on the river bank or in the fields. In addition to his devotion to music, he is also kind-hearted. Not only is he ready to help those in trouble, but also he has a great passion for animals, the hens and geese in his courtyard becoming his devoted audience. His persistence and determination have paid off with a famous title—the Chinese “Uncle Susan”, named after the English “Aunt Susan”.
  Such is Zhu Zhiwen, nicknamed “Overcoat Brother”, is a kind-hearted man with great achievements in music.
  习作2  Gregory Peck, an American actor, was best known for his excellent acting ability and personal charm.
  Born in California in 1916, he enjoyed a happy childhood. As a child, his dream was to become a doctor. However, it was not until he grew older that he realized he was really meant for acting. Though Peck never had the chance to approach patients, he succeeded in becoming one of the greatest actors in Hollywood and even in the American history. During the course of his life, he acted in more than sixty films, including Roman Holiday and The Million Pound Note. Regarded as an outstanding actor, he has reached a wide audience and got an Oscar award in 1962. Unfortunately, Peck passed away at home in Los Angeles in 2003.
  Such is Gregory Peck, a famous actor with great talent and achievement. Gone as he was, never will we forget him who has given us so much pleasure.
  从中我们可以总结出一个人物介绍写作模板:
  Born on... [date], in... [some place], ... [a person’s name] was from a... family. Having graduated from... [some high school/university], receiving... [the degree of master or Ph.D.] and he/she worked as... [profession] in... [company/factory] in the... [area]. It is in... [year] that he/began his/her... [some certain research/project/item]. He/She got... [reward/honour/prize] for... [something] in... [year]. Moreover, he/she is honored as... by [some certain organization/government/institute].   请根据以下内容提示,以Chopin—a great musician为题,写一篇不少于120词的英语短文,介绍著名的音乐家肖邦。
  1.1810年2月12日,肖邦生于波兰;
  2.肖邦最初跟随母亲学习钢琴。六岁那年,他创作出了人生的第一部作品;
  3.16岁时,肖邦进入华沙音乐学院学习,师从德国音乐家Joseph Elsner;
  4.离开华沙音乐学院后,肖邦在维也纳举行了多场音乐会,发表了不少音乐作品;
  5.1849年,肖邦逝世于巴黎的寓所中;
  6.肖邦是近代世界闻名的作曲家和钢琴家。他一生创作了近150首深受人们喜爱的乐曲。
  参考词汇:作品composition;华沙音乐学院the Warsaw Conservatory of Music;寓所dwelling
  习作3  Born on February the 12th 1810 in Poland, Chopin is a distinguished composer and pianist. When young, he was first led to the music world by learning to play the piano under his mother’s guidance. To her credit, Chopin showed a great talent in music and even composed his first piece of work when he was only six years old. What’s more, he was admitted into the Warsaw Conservatory of Music and became a student of Joseph Elsner.
  After graduation, he came to Vienna, a sacred place of music, which saw his most productive times in his life. Not only did he hold many concerts, but also he composed many works in this city. Devoting himself to music, he composed no less than 150 pieces of music in his life, most of which earn a widespread popularity. However, this great talent passed away in 1849 in his dwelling in Paris.
  这是一篇高档习作。
  1. 本文按时间顺序行文,恰到好处地使用了一些过渡词,如to her credit, what’s more, however, 使得全文衔接紧密、过渡自然。
  2. 高级词汇和亮点表达多,语言运用能力强,如:distinguished, productive, earn a widespread popularity, devote oneself to, show a great talent, under one’s guidance.
  3. 句型灵活多变。人物类介绍性的文章很容易遇到一个问题,就是句子多为同一个主语,难免会让文章显得单调、死板,但作者巧妙运用多种不同的方式合并简单句使得文章语言层次丰富、错落有致。我们可以借鉴以下方式:
  分词作状语:Born on February the 12th 1810 in Poland, Chopin is a distinguished composer and pianist. Devoting himself to music, he composed no less than 150 pieces of music in his life.
  状语从句的省略:When young, he was first led to the music world by learning to play the piano under his mother’s guidance.
  定语从句:he came to Vienna, a sacred place of music, which saw his most productive times in his life.
  部分倒装:Not only did he hold many concerts, but also he composed many works in this city.
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