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目的：扩大经纤维支气管镜（纤支镜）穿刺活检（TBNA）的应用范围，明确肺癌纵隔肿大淋巴结及非肿大淋巴结的性质。方法：对58例肺癌患者CT扫描提示76个肿大的和未提示21个不肿大的淋巴结均行经纤支镜TBNA术。结果：肿瘤引起的纵隔肿大淋巴结占62％，非肿瘤引起的肿大淋巴结占38％，肺癌纵隔非肿大淋巴结转移率占14％。该方法灵敏度为97％，阴性率为3％。结论：该方法能明确肿瘤诊断分期，对手术及预后具有重要意义，具有可行性和可靠性，易于推广应用。
Objective: To expand the scope of application of transbronchial bronchoscopic biopsy (TBNA) and to define the nature of lymph nodes and non-tumor lymph nodes in mediastinal enlargement of lung cancer. METHODS: CT scans of 58 patients with lung cancer revealed 76 cysts and no indication of 21 non-swollen lymph nodes undergoing bronchoscopic TBNA. RESULTS: Tumor-induced mediastinal lymph nodes accounted for 62%, non-tumor-induced enlarged lymph nodes accounted for 38%, and non-tumoral mediastinal lymph node metastases accounted for 14%. This method has a sensitivity of 97% and a negative rate of 3%. Conclusion: This method can confirm the stage of tumor diagnosis, has important significance for surgery and prognosis, has feasibility and reliability, and is easy to popularize and apply.