为了追求自由、平等,卢梭以“公意”为基石达成了社会契约,想要建立主权在民的新型政体。由于“公意”概念引起的争论和分歧,以及卢梭主权在民理论自身的缺陷和矛盾,使主权在民的理论有走向专制的危险和可能。历史的教训告诉我们,应该建立完善的人民主权理论。 In pursuit of freedom and equality, Rousseau reached a social contract with “public opinion” as the cornerstone, and wanted to establish a new type of political sovereignty over the people. Due to the controversy and disagreements caused by the concept of “public opinion” and the defects and contradictions of Rousseau’s sovereignty over the theory of democracy, the theory of sovereignty and people toward democracy is at risk and likely to be autocratic. Historical lessons tell us that we should establish a sound theory of popular sovereignty.