水肿是肾病综合征常见的临床表现 ,如水肿为轻、中度 ,经饮食钠盐的限制及噻嗪类利尿剂的应用 ,可使水肿缓解。然而 ,有些肾病患者钠水潴留严重 ,经常规处理及用中等量袢利尿剂常难以消除水肿 ,此种状态在临床上通常称为“难治性（或顽固性）水肿”。本文重点介绍难治性肾病水 Edema is a common clinical manifestations of nephrotic syndrome, such as edema is light, moderate, dietary sodium restriction and thiazide diuretics, can ease the edema. However, some patients with renal disease have severe sodium-water retention, which is often clinically referred to as “refractory (or refractory) edema,” which is often difficult to eliminate by conventional treatment and with moderate amounts of diuretics. This article focuses on intractable nephrotic water