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自链霉素发明后40多年来,氨基糖甙类抗生素在治疗革兰阴性菌感染中发挥了重要作用。它们的抗菌谱较宽,主要适用于对其它轻度肾毒性抗生素耐药的病原菌和革兰阴性菌引起的医院内获得性感染。由于具有肾毒性和耳毒性,其治疗范围在毒性和亚治疗浓度之间显得较窄。1958年发明的万古霉素虽然很快显得不如低毒的抗葡萄球菌的青霉素和头孢菌素,但在危重监护病房中现又重新以重要抗生素的面貌出现。主要适用于对二甲氧苯基青霉素耐药的葡萄球菌感染、梭状芽胞杆菌引起的肠炎、
Since the discovery of streptomycin for more than 40 years, aminoglycoside antibiotics have played an important role in the treatment of Gram-negative bacteria infections. Their broad spectrum antibacterial spectrum is mainly applicable to hospital-acquired infections caused by pathogens that are resistant to other mild nephrotoxic antibiotics and Gram-negative bacteria. Due to its nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, the therapeutic range appears to be narrower between toxic and sub-therapeutic concentrations. Vancomycin, invented in 1958, soon appeared to be inferior to the less virulent anti-staphylococcal penicillins and cephalosporins. However, vancomycin was found once again in the critical care unit as an important antibiotic. Mainly used for methicillin-resistant penicillin-resistant staphylococcal infection caused by Clostridium enteritis,