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研究了周期性双势垒锯齿势中,布朗粒子在外力作用下沿空间坐标方向交替地和高、低温热库接触构成的布朗热机的热力学性能.考虑布朗粒子动能的变化以及高、低温库之间热漏的存在,通过数值计算分析势垒高度、势比、外力等参数对布朗热机效率的影响.研究表明:当考虑热漏时,布朗热机始终是不可逆的,效率小于卡诺效率;并且当热漏很小时,势比的增大在一定程度上可提高布朗热机的效率;其功率与效率之间的关系曲线为闭合线.当不考虑热漏时,其功率与效率之间的关系曲线为开型线,但由于布朗粒子动能的变化引起的不可逆热流,热机的效率依然小于卡诺效率.
The thermodynamic properties of the Brownian heat engine with Brownian particles alternating with the high and low temperature heat sinks under the action of external force are studied in periodic double potential barrier sawtooth potential.Considering the variation of Brownian kinetic energy and the relationship between high and low temperature The results show that the Brownian heat engine is always irreversible when the heat leak is considered, and the efficiency is less than the Carnot efficiency. Moreover, When the heat leak is small, the increase of potential ratio can improve the efficiency of Brownian heat engine to a certain extent, and the relation between power and efficiency is the closed line.When the heat leakage is not considered, the relationship between power and efficiency However, due to the irreversible heat flux caused by the change of Brownian kinetic energy, the efficiency of heat engine is still less than Carnot’s efficiency.