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社会构造主义不把关于世界的论述看成是世界的一种反射或一幅地图,而是看作公共交换的一种人工制品。不仅对心理知识的方向,而且对心理构造特征的方向,构造主义对传统理解提出了重大挑战。尽管构造主义者思想的根源可以追溯到经验主义者和理性主义者思想学派的长期论争,但构造主义试图超越信赖这二种传统的二元论,把知识置于社会交换过程之中。构造主义对心理学所作的解释仍值得怀疑,但一种充分发展了的构造主义能够完善一种理解科学过程的手段,并引起评价心理学探索的选择性准则的发展。
Social constructivism does not regard the discourse about the world as a reflection or a map of the world, but as an artefact of public exchange. Constructivism poses major challenges to traditional understanding not only in the direction of psychological knowledge, but also in the direction of the characteristics of psychological construction. Although the roots of constructivist thinking can be traced back to the protracted debate between the empirical and rationalist schools of thought, constructivism attempts to go beyond the two traditions of trust in dualism and put knowledge in the process of social exchange. Structuralism’s interpretation of psychology remains questionable, but a fully developed constructivism can refine a means of understanding the scientific process and lead to the development of selective norms for evaluating psychology.