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目的调查分析江苏省1 143例急性弛缓性麻痹(AFP)病例的一般情况、临床症状与随访情况,提高AFP的发现能力和诊断水平。方法采用随访和查阅病历的方式获取资料,计数资料采用率和构成比进行统计描述,采用卡方检验进行统计检验。结果江苏省2012-2015年AFP报告发病率2.57/10万,双下肢麻痹的占43.74%,单侧上下肢均麻痹的占33.16%,四肢麻痹的占14.09%。发热、腹泻等临床症状并无明显季节性,性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。肌肉疼痛、肢体感觉障碍和深部腱发射减弱或消失在≥5岁组病例中高于<5岁组(P<0.05)。麻痹后60 d随访,12.51%的病例有残留麻痹。结论 <5岁的男性是AFP的高发人群。麻痹部位以下肢最为常见,麻痹前多伴有发热和肌肉疼痛。约有9成的AFP病例会在麻痹60 d内恢复,有残留麻痹的病例中麻痹严重程度也有所好转,但对有残留麻痹的AFP病例仍应重点关注。
Objective To investigate and analyze the general situation, clinical symptoms and follow-up of 1 143 cases of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in Jiangsu Province and to improve the detection ability and diagnostic level of AFP. Methods Follow-up and medical records were used to obtain the data, and the data rate and composition ratio were used for statistical description. The data were tested by chi-square test. Results The incidence of AFP in Jiangsu Province during 2012-2015 was 2.57 / 100,000, 43.74% in both lower extremity paralysis, 33.16% in unilateral upper extremity paralysis and 14.09% in quadriplegia. Clinical symptoms such as fever and diarrhea did not show obvious seasonal changes, and there was no significant difference in gender (P> 0.05). Muscle pain, limb sensory disturbances, and deep tendon emission weakened or disappeared in> 5-year-old group than in <5-year-old group (P <0.05). Follow-up 60 days after paralysis, residual paralysis in 12.51% of cases. Conclusions Men <5 years of age are high-risk AFP populations. Paralysis to the most common limbs, paralysis associated with fever and muscle pain before. Approximately 90% of AFP cases recover within 60 days of paralysis and paralysis in cases of residual paralysis, but attention should still be given to AFP cases with residual paralysis.