文学的存在是以满足一定的社会需求为中枢的,并在社会生活中承担各种作用。文学理论界对文学所承载的功能问题的认识,是一个渐进的过程。早在《尚书·舜典》中,便有“诗言志”之说,意指诗表达人的志趣、意愿; 孔子提出了著名的“诗可以兴,可以观,可以群,可以怨”的观点,这是对文学功能的概括认识;《毛诗序》中说,“治世之音安以乐,其政和;乱世之音怨以怒,其政乖;亡国之音哀以思,其民困。故正得失,动天地,感鬼神, The existence of literature is centered on meeting certain social needs and takes on various roles in social life. Literary theory of literary functions carried by the understanding of the problem is a gradual process. As early as in the Book of Shun Code, there is “poetic statement”, which means that the poem expresses the interest and intention of the poet; Confucius put forward the famous “poem can be Xing, you can view, you can group, you can complain” This is a general understanding of the function of literature. In Mao’s Poetry Preface, "The sound of the rule of the world peace and harmony, the chaos of troubled times, its political obedience; So it is lost, moving heaven and earth, ghosts and gods,