外行上司。上司是外行,那么他有的计划和决策执行起来会非常困难,作为下属,应该事先将各种可能性告诉他,提醒他避免失败。如果是重要的、带有原则性的问题,下属可直接阐明观点,或据理力争,或坚决反对。但如果他一意孤行,就只能听从命令,直到他撞墙为止了。倘是无关大局的一般性问题,下属则可灵活对付,尽量避免正面冲突。模糊型上司。有的上司在布置工作任务时含含糊糊、笼笼统统,从来没有明确具体的要求;有的既可以理解成这样,又可以理解成那样;有的前后互相抵触,下属根本无法操作和实施。对经常是这样的上司,在接受任务时,一定 Amateur boss. The boss is an outsider, so some of his plans and decisions will be very difficult to implement. As a subordinate, he should be informed of various possibilities in advance to remind him of his failure. If it is important, there are questions of principle, subordinates can directly clarify their views, or justify their efforts or resolutely oppose it. But if he insists, he can only obey the order until he hits the wall. If it is a general issue that has no bearing on the overall situation, subordinates can flexibly deal with them and try to avoid any positive conflicts. Fuzzy boss. Some bosses are ambiguous and clumsy in their task assignment. They have never clearly defined the specific requirements. Some can understand this and understand it in others. Some of them contradict each other and their subordinates can not operate and implement it. Often such a boss, in accepting the task, must