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目的:提高颈部异位甲状腺的超声诊查水平。方法:回顾分析11例颈部异位甲状腺的超声资料,总结其超声表现以及诊查注意事项。结果:11例异位甲状腺患者中,6例甲状腺区未见甲状腺,其中3例在颈部其他部位检出异位甲状腺,还有3例在颈部未能检出异位甲状腺;另外5例甲状腺区可见甲状腺,但是其大小、形态有异常,其中3例在颈部其他部位检出异位甲状腺,还有2例在颈部未能检出异位甲状腺。在检出的6例颈部异位甲状腺中,其超声表现:(1)位置:位置不固定,右颌下1例,舌根后1例,颈前正中区2例,胸骨上窝2例;(2)大小:大小不一,最小为1.9 cm×1.0 cm,最大为2.9 cm×1.4 cm。(3)形态:形态多样化,但是基本规则。(4)境界:周围见包膜,境界清晰。(5)回声:内部呈中等回声,多分布均匀,仅1例内见低回声小结节。(6)血流:血流不丰富,内部可见稀疏的点条状血流信号。结论:超声检查可帮助诊断颈部异位甲状腺,并可与颈部其他包块相鉴别。
Objective: To improve the ultrasound diagnosis of cervical ectopic thyroid. Methods: The echocardiographic data of 11 cases with ectopic thyroid neck were retrospectively analyzed, and their ultrasonic findings and precautions were summarized. Results: Of the 11 patients with ectopic thyroid, no thyroid was found in 6 cases of thyroid gland, 3 cases of ectopic thyroid were detected in other parts of the neck and 3 cases of ectopic thyroid were not detected in the neck. The other 5 cases Thyroid gland can be seen, but its size and shape abnormalities, including three cases of other parts of the ectopic thyroid detected in the neck, and two cases failed to detect ectopic thyroid in the neck. Among the 6 cases of ectopic thyroid glands detected by ultrasound, the sonographic features were as follows: (1) location: the position was not fixed, 1 case was under the right mandibular, 1 case was under the base of tongue, 2 cases was middle cervical anterior, (2) Size: Different sizes, the minimum is 1.9 cm × 1.0 cm, the maximum is 2.9 cm × 1.4 cm. (3) Form: Various forms, but the basic rules. (4) Realm: See the envelope around, clear the realm. (5) Echogenic: internal echo was moderate, more evenly distributed, only 1 case of hypoechoic small nodules. (6) Blood flow: the blood flow is not rich, the sparse dotted blood flow signal can be seen inside. Conclusion: Ultrasonography can help diagnose ectopic thyroid gland in neck and differentiate from other mass in neck.