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目的:探讨先天性膈疝（congenital diaphragmatic hernia，CDH）患儿术后死亡的危险因素。方法:选择2009年3月至2018年3月在浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院新生儿科诊断为CDH并住院手术的患儿进行回顾性分析，根据临床结局分为存活组和死亡组，比较两组患儿临床及治疗情况，分析患儿死亡的危险因素。结果:共纳入58例CDH患儿，其中男34例（58.6%），存活组48例（82.8%），死亡组10例（17.2%）。存活组患儿入室时pH<7.15（4/48比9/10）、使用肺血管舒张剂（2/48比7/10）、合并肺动脉高压（24/48比9/10）比例均低于死亡组，手术日龄大于死亡组［4（2，6）d比1（0，4）d］，差异有统计学意义（n P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，入室pH<7.15（n OR=0.009，95%n CI 0.000~0.310）及合并肺动脉高压（n OR=0.041，95%n CI 0.020~0.880）是CDH患儿死亡的独立危险因素（n P<0.05）。n 结论:CDH患儿术后存活率高，入室pH<7.15及合并肺动脉高压是CDH患儿死亡的独立危险因素。“,”Objective:To study the risk factors increasing mortality rate in newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) after surgery.Method:From March 2009 to March 2018, infants diagnosed with CDH and received surgery in the Department of Neonatology of our hospital were enrolled for retrospective analysis. According to the clinical outcome, they were assigned into the survival group and the death group. The clinical conditions and treatments of the two groups were compared and the risk factors of mortality were analyzed.Result:A total of 58 infants with CDH were enrolled, including 34(58.6%) male cases and 24(41.4%) female cases. 48 cases(82.8%) survived and 10 cases(17.2%) died. Compared with the death group, the survival group had less proportion of infants with pH<7.15 on admission (4/48 vs. 9/10), fewer pulmonary vasodilators usage (24/48 vs. 9/10), fewer comorbidity of pulmonary hypertension (2/48 vs. 7/10) and bigger age receiving surgery [4(2,6)d vs. 1(0,4)d](n P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that pH<7.15 on admission (n OR=0.009, 95%n CI 0.000~0.310) and pulmonary hypertension (n OR=0.041, 95%n CI 0.020~0.880) were both independent risk factors for death in infants with CDH (n P<0.05).n Conclusion:The survival rate of CDH after surgery is high. pH<7.15 on admission and pulmonary hypertension are the independent risk factors for death in infants with CDH.