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康乃馨(Dianthus caryophyllus)又名香石竹,是石竹科的代表种,为世界三大切花品种(月季、菊花、康乃馨)之一。康乃馨以其品种繁多、花姿高雅、花色绚丽多彩而深受人们的喜爱,是馈赠宾友、装饰宾馆、客厅、美化环境的佳品。康乃馨原产南欧、西亚、地中海沿岸,要求气候温暖,光照充足,土壤肥沃疏松,pH值6.0～6.5。南京地处长江下游,四面环山,年温度变幅大,夏季温度高达35～39℃,且持续时间长,冬季寒冷,最低温度达-8～-10℃。全年雨量分布不均,土壤粘重。为探索该地区康乃馨高产优质栽培技术,我们从1982年开始引种,并对其栽培基质、方式以及肥水管理等方面进行了试验研究,观将研究结果报告如下:
Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus), also known as carnation, is the representative of the Caryophyllaceae, the world’s three major cut flowers varieties (roses, chrysanthemums, carnations) one. Carnations with its wide variety, graceful flowers, colorful and loved by people, is a guest, decoration, living room, landscaping Jiapin. Carnations native South Europe, West Asia, the Mediterranean coast, requires a warm climate, adequate light, loose soil fertility, pH 6.0 ~ 6.5. Nanjing is located in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, surrounded by mountains, large annual temperature range, the summer temperature as high as 35 ~ 39 ℃, and lasts long, cold in winter, the lowest temperature of -8 ~ -10 ℃. Uneven distribution of rainfall throughout the year, soil sticky. In order to explore high-yielding and high-quality cultivation techniques for carnation in the region, we started to introduce it in 1982 and conducted experimental studies on its cultivation bases, methods and fertilizer and water management. The findings are as follows: