论文部分内容阅读
DNA甲基化是真核细胞基因组中常见的可遗传的表观遗传修饰,在调节细胞增殖、分化、个体发育等方面起重要作用,并且DNA甲基化水平异常与肿瘤的发生发展密切相关。DNA甲基化及被动去甲基化主要是在DNA甲基转移酶家族参与下完成的,而DNA的主动去甲基化机制尚不是很明确。在肿瘤细胞中DNA的整体甲基化水平显著降低,但抑癌基因的启动子区域却出现高甲基化。目前尽管有DNA去甲基化药物用于癌症的临床治疗,但药物特异性较差,因而研究特定基因的主动去甲基化机制有助于研发特异性高的药物用于癌症的治疗。
DNA methylation is a heritable epigenetic modification commonly found in eukaryotic genomes and plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and individual development. DNA methylation abnormality is closely related to tumorigenesis and development. DNA methylation and passive demethylation are mainly mediated by the DNA methyltransferase family, and the mechanism of active demethylation of DNA is not yet clear. The overall methylation level of DNA in tumor cells is significantly reduced, but the promoter region of the tumor suppressor gene is hypermethylated. Currently, although DNA demethylating drugs are used in the clinical treatment of cancer, the drug specificity is poor. Therefore, studying the active demethylation mechanism of specific genes can help to develop highly specific drugs for the treatment of cancer.