一政治意识形态对文化权力的支配政治意识形态的鲜明立场以及政治意识形态与文化权力之间错综复杂的斗争,是中国马克思主义文论自诞生之日起就不断张扬的属性。回顾这一历史,我们既可能会被马克思主义文论中的政治热情所鼓舞,也会面对意识形态的巨大压力而茫然无措。从中国早期的马克思主义者李大钊起,已经从马克思主义的意识形态理论出发对文化权力进行规约。当然这种解读过于简单,文学被看做上层建筑的一部分,它反映社会存在的一面被突出出来。对文学的这种定位在早期马克思主义者那里得到很大的认同。比如瞿秋白也是从经济基础决定上层建筑的角度论述了文学的意识形态性:"然 The sharp position of a political ideology over the dominant political ideology of cultural power and the complicated struggle between political ideology and cultural power are attributes that have been constantly promoted since the birth of Chinese Marxist literary theory. Looking back at this history, we may be encouraged by the political enthusiasm in Marxist literary theory and at a loss to the enormous pressure of ideology. Beginning with Li Dazhao, an early Marxist in China, the cultural rights have been governed by the Marxist ideological theory. Of course, this interpretation is too simple, literature is seen as part of the superstructure, which reflects the social existence is highlighted. This orientation to literature gained much acceptance among early Marxists. For example, Qu Qiubai also discusses the ideology of literature from the perspective of determining the superstructure of economic base: