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免疫缺陷是恶性肿瘤的一个重要特征,在肿瘤发病的每一个阶段都有免疫缺陷,所以是免疫治疗的一个目标。在肿瘤常规治疗中,由于药物的免疫抑制作用也可引起免疫缺陷,故在设计肿瘤治疗方案时应予避免。本文重点在论述了解肿瘤患者的免疫状态及其在治疗,特别是免疫治疗中的实际作用。为此,将阐述肿瘤本身引起的免疫缺陷,治疗中造成的免疫缺陷,肿瘤治疗而引起的免疫调变以及与肿瘤进展或消退有关的免疫因素。此外并阐述一些测定肿瘤患者免疫状态的各种方法。
Immunodeficiency is an important feature of malignant tumors, immunodeficiency at every stage of the tumor, so it is a goal of immunotherapy. In the conventional treatment of cancer, immunosuppressive drugs can also cause immune defects, so the design of cancer treatment should be avoided. This article focuses on understanding the immune status of cancer patients and their practical role in therapy, especially immunotherapy. To this end, we will describe the immunodeficiency caused by the tumor itself, the immunodeficiency caused by the treatment, the immunomodulation caused by tumor therapy, and the immune factors associated with tumor progression or regression. In addition, a number of methods for determining the immune status of cancer patients are described.