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一、导论严格地说,产品责任在英国法中并不构成一个独立的论题,因为一个制造者对某个人因使用这一产品而受的损害不是承担契约责任就是承担侵权责任。如果受损害者是买方,而且制造者未能交付符合合同要求的产品并因此而导致某种损害,那么制造者就要对违约承担责任;然而,如果受损害者是第三方,那么制造者的责任就将根据侵权法而产生。本报告主要关注的是制造者(或供货者)的民事侵权责任问题,然而不可避免地会论及契约责任问題。
I. INTRODUCTION Strictly speaking, product liability does not constitute an independent issue in English law because a manufacturer is not liable for tort or liability for damages suffered by an individual for the use of the product. If the victim is a buyer and the manufacturer fails to deliver the product that meets the contractual requirements and therefore causes some damage, the manufacturer is liable for the default; however, if the victim is a third party, then the manufacturer’s Responsibility will be based on tort law. The main concern of this report is the issue of tort liability of manufacturers (or suppliers), but it is inevitable to address the issue of contractual liability.