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乒乓球是使用单侧上肢的一项运动,其特征是要进行重复多次高速且具爆发力的动作,无氧乳酸酵解代谢能力占有重要作用。研究对象与方法: 男女高水平乒乓球运动员(n=31)。采用Takei5101握力计测量单侧上肢有力型和非单侧上肢有力型运动员的上肢最大等长收缩力。18名男运动员(平均年龄23.5±5.4岁)和13名女运动员(平均年龄21.3±3.3岁)均为西班牙乒乓球协会的国家联盟成员。采用SPSS v12.0 for windows和Excel v10.2软件包进行数据统计分析。研究结果:发现无论男女运动员单侧上肢有力型的最大等长收缩力均高于非单侧上肢有力型,而左势手女运动员与右势手女运动员相比、右势手男运动员与左势手男运动员相比,单侧上肢有力型的最大等长收缩力均高于非单侧上肢有力型。研究还发现进攻型运动员与防守型运动员相比,单侧上肢有力型的最大等长收缩力高于非单侧上肢有力型。分析与讨论: 无论男女,单侧上肢有力型运动员手握力高于非单侧上肢有力型运动员。男性运动员比女性运动员的等长收缩力高,一个可以解释的事实是男性有更高的睾酮水平。肌肉力量不平衡可能发展成为脊柱侧弯姿态,这应该通过适当的力量和柔韧性训练来避免,以防止将来的运动损伤和运动成绩的下降。
Table tennis is a sport that uses unilateral upper limbs and is characterized by the repetitive, high-speed and explosive motions that play an important role in the metabolism of oxygen-free lactic acid. Research objects and methods: male and female high-level table tennis players (n = 31). The Takei5101 Goniometer was used to measure the maximal isometric contractile force of the upper extremities of unilateral upper limb capable and non-unilateral upper extremity athletes. Eighteen male athletes (mean age 23.5 ± 5.4 years) and 13 female athletes (mean age 21.3 ± 3.3 years) are members of the Spanish National Table Tennis Association. SPSS v12.0 for windows and Excel v10.2 software package for statistical analysis of data. The results showed that the maximal isometric contractility of unilateral upper extremity was higher than that of non-unilateral upper extremity in both male and female athletes. Compared with the right-handed athlete, Potential male athletes compared to unilateral upper extremity maximum isometric contraction force were higher than non-unilateral upper limb type. The study also found that offensive athletes compared with defensive athletes, unilateral upper extremity maximum isometric contraction force is higher than non-unilateral upper limb type. Analysis and Discussion: Regardless of men and women, hand grip strength of unilateral upper extremity athletes is higher than that of non-unilateral upper extremity athletes. Male athletes have higher isometric contractility than female athletes. One explanation for the fact is that men have higher testosterone levels. Muscular imbalances may develop into scoliosis, which should be avoided by appropriate strength and flexibility training to prevent future impairment of sports and performance.