智力是指人的智慧能力。构成智力的因素,过去认为仅包括观察、注意、记忆、想象和思维等认识能力,这是不全面的。因为人的智力不仅表现在认识问题和分析问题之中,还表现在处理问题和解决问题之中。因此,智力应该是指人们运用知识,经验能动地认识事物和独创地解决各种问题的能力。人的智力的发展是受遗传素质和环境、教育多方面因素所制约的。其中,遗传素质只是智力发展的必要前提,而社会环境和教育则是智力发展的决定因素。在教育因素中,学校教育居于主导地位,其中又是以教学为主,所以认真研究在教学中培养和发展学生智力很有必要。 Intelligence refers to human intelligence. The factors contributing to intelligence have previously been thought to include only cognitive capabilities such as observation, attention, memory, imagination, and thinking. This is incomplete. Because human intelligence is not only reflected in cognitive problems and analysis problems, but also in dealing with problems and solving problems. Therefore, intelligence should refer to the ability of people to use knowledge and experience to actively understand things and solve problems of their own. The development of human intelligence is constrained by various factors such as genetic quality, environment, and education. Among them, genetic quality is only a necessary prerequisite for intellectual development, and social environment and education are decisive factors for intellectual development. Among education factors, school education is in a dominant position, among which teaching is the main one. Therefore, it is necessary to seriously study how to train and develop students’ intelligence in teaching.