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目的分析广州市海珠区2009年4月至2010年3月甲型H1N1流感的流行特征,探讨流感流行模式,评价防控措施效果。方法应用描述性流行病学方法,对《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》中报告的346例甲型H1N1流感实验室确诊病例进行分析。结果海珠区甲型H1N1流感发病率为36.04/10万,男女性别比1.47∶1;发病年龄主要在5~24岁(74.9%),以学生为主(58.1%);中心街区发病数多于非中心街区;发病时间主要集中在2009年9~12月,其中11月达发病最高峰(26.9%),之后疫情呈下降趋势,并逐步进入低发和平稳水平;发生重症及危重病例10例,死亡5例,病死率1.5%。结论海珠区甲型H1N1流感的流行特征与广州市甲型H1N1流感疫情流行特征基本一致,各级学校和托幼机构是防控的重点,适时调整防控策略对延缓和控制疫情扩散起至关重要的作用。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of influenza A (H1N1) from April 2009 to March 2010 in Haizhu District of Guangzhou City, discuss the epidemic pattern of influenza and evaluate the effect of prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze laboratory confirmed cases of Influenza A (H1N1) in 346 cases reported by Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System. Results The incidence of Influenza A (H1N1) in Haizhu District was 36.04 / 100 000, with a male / female ratio of 1.47:1. The age of onset was mainly between 5 and 24 years old (74.9%), mainly students (58.1%). Non-central block; onset time is mainly concentrated in September 2009 to December, of which reached the peak in November (26.9%), then the epidemic showed a downward trend and gradually entered the low and stable levels; occurred in 10 cases of critically ill and critically ill patients , 5 died, case fatality rate 1.5%. Conclusion The prevalence of influenza A (H1N1) in Haizhu district is basically the same as that of epidemic situation of H1N1 influenza in Guangzhou. Schools and nurseries at all levels are the focus of prevention and control. The strategy of prevention and control is timely adjusted to delay and control the spread of the epidemic Important role.