关键词一:现实主义我们在研究小说和欣赏小说的时候时常有一个误解,关注现实、描绘现实的作品就是现实主义的作品。其实,在中国,现实主义的复杂性远远超出我们的想象。现实主义有两个重要的前提:典型环境、典型人物。原则上这没有错,但是,在中国当代文学的语境中,典型意味着什么呢?差不多就是意识形态。这是一个漫长的、渐变的过 Keywords A: Realism When we study the novel and enjoy the novel, we often have a misunderstanding, pay attention to the reality, the work of depicting the reality is a realistic work. Actually, in China, the complexity of realism far exceeds our imagination. Realism has two important premises: a typical environment, a typical figure. In principle, this is not wrong, but what does it mean in the context of Chinese contemporary literature? Almost ideology. This is a long, gradual transition