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本文一方面详细分析了李嘉图寻找不变价值尺度和斯拉法的标准商品理论之间的关系;另一方面,认真考察了马克思的价值转形问题及剥削观。本文认为,正如加兰格纳尼所言,马克思的剥削观与斯拉法的剥削观略有不同。另外,正如伊特韦尔所言,标准商品理论也不能解决马克思的价值转形问题。本文旨在抛砖引玉,就以劳动作为计量单位及其与剥削观的联系这一问题,在马克思主义学者和斯拉法主义学者之间展开一场讨论。
On the one hand, the thesis analyzes the relationship between Ricardian’s search for constant value standard and Sora’s standard goods theory on the one hand; on the other hand, he carefully examines Marx’s value transformation and exploitation concept. This article argues that, as Garlangueini put it, Marx’s concept of exploitation differs slightly from that of Srapha. In addition, as Ewell states, standard commodity theory can not solve Marx’s problem of value transformation. The purpose of this article is to initiate a discussion between Marxist and Slafman scholars on the issue of labor as a unit of measurement and its link with the concept of exploitation.