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马克思认为,小农经济取代农奴制封建经济,资本主义大农业取代传统农业是巨大的历史进步。小农经济是落后反动的经济形式,资本主义农业不代表未来农业的发展方向。社会主义农业形态,在价值取向上强调土地国有和社会化大生产;在政治取向上强调尊重小农私有观念与农民利益;在科学取向上强调农业小生产。在土地国有化基础上,联合小土地生产经营的农业生产合作社,是社会主义初期的必然农业形态。
According to Marx, the small-scale peasant economy replaced the feudal economy of serfdom and the capitalist large-scale agriculture replaced traditional agriculture was a tremendous historical progress. Small-scale peasant economy is backward and reactionary economic form, capitalist agriculture does not represent the future direction of agricultural development. The socialist agricultural form emphasizes the state-owned and socialized large-scale production of land in value orientation, the emphasis on respecting the private concepts of small-scale peasants and peasants in the political orientation, and emphasizes the small-scale agricultural production in the scientific orientation. On the basis of the nationalization of land, the agricultural cooperatives that jointly produce and manage small plots of land are the inevitable forms of agriculture in the initial stage of socialism.