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牛顿力学是以惯性系为参照,在低速的宏观领域中发展起来的力学,惯性系中的力,是相互作用力,又称牛顿力。这种力作用在被称为物体的物质对象上,依对象和所处的条件不同,将显示出不同的效应。一般地讲,力的效应有外效应和内效应之分,力的外效应反映力对物体的机械运动状态的变革作用,力的内效应反映力对物体内部的几何关系和力学关系的变革作用。无论是外效应还是内效应,在时空背景上都有瞬时性和积累性之分,力的瞬时外效应就是使物体的运动状
Newtonian mechanics is based on the inertial system, and developed in the low-speed macroscopic field. The forces in the inertial system are interaction forces, also known as Newtonian forces. This kind of force acts on a substance object called an object, and will show different effects depending on the object and the conditions. In general, the effect of force has external and internal effects. The external effect of force reflects the changing role of force on the mechanical state of an object. The internal effect of force reflects the changing role of force on the internal geometric relationships and mechanical relations of objects. . No matter whether it is an external effect or an internal effect, there are instantaneous and cumulative points on the space-time background. The instantaneous external effect of force is to make the motion of the object.