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目的应用一种家蝇抗药性早期检测方法即乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)法,了解南昌市不同生境家蝇对常用的有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂的抗性现状及其发展趋势。方法采用微量点滴法进行生物测定,同时采用AChE检测不同生境家蝇对敌敌畏和残杀威的抗性水平。结果生物测定结果表明,居民区、餐饮店、垃圾中转站和农贸市场4个家蝇品系对敌敌畏和残杀威产生了不同程度的抗性,对敌敌畏的抗性指数依次为34.07、22.57、20.05、17.43倍,其中农贸市场品系为中抗水平,其余3个品系均达高抗水平;对残杀威的抗性仍处于低抗水平,抗性指数依次为2.68、3.48、2.15、2.74倍。AChE法的检测结果表明,居民区、餐饮店、垃圾中转站和农贸市场品系对敌敌畏的抗性个体频率依次为100%、82%、55%和29%,均为敌敌畏抗性品系;对残杀威抗性个体频率依次为28%、42%、12%、27%,其中垃圾中转站品系抗性个体频率<20%,其他3个品系均为残杀威抗性品系。结论AChE法检测结果与生物测定结果基本相符,该法可以应用于野外家蝇抗性的早期检测。南昌市不同生境家蝇对敌敌畏达中抗或高抗水平,建议停用;对残杀威也产生了一定程度的抗性,且有发展的趋势,应换用或轮用其他杀虫剂,以避免或延缓抗性的发展。
OBJECTIVE: To study the resistance status of housefly to domestic organophosphate and carbamate pesticides in different habitats and its development trend by using an AChE method. Methods The bioassay was carried out by the micro-drip method. At the same time, AChE was used to detect the resistance to dichlorvos and propoxur in different habitats. Results The results of bioassay showed that four strains of house fly in residential area, restaurant, waste transfer station and farmer’s market had different degrees of resistance to dichlorvos and propoxur, the resistance index to dichlorvos was 34.07,22.57,20.05, 17.43 folds, of which the farmers’ market was moderately resistant and the remaining three lines were highly resistant. The resistance to propoxur was still at a low resistance level, with resistance indexes of 2.68, 3.48, 2.15 and 2.74 times, respectively. The test results of AChE showed that the frequency of resistance to dichlorvos was 100%, 82%, 55% and 29% in residential areas, restaurants, waste transfer stations and farmers’ markets respectively, all of which were resistant to dichlorvos; The frequency of resistant individuals was 28%, 42%, 12% and 27%, respectively. The frequency of resistant individuals in the litter transfer station was less than 20%. The other three strains were resistant to malaria. Conclusion The result of AChE method is in good agreement with the bioassay results. This method can be applied to the early detection of housefly resistance in the wild. Houseflies in different habitats in Nanchang reached a level of resistance or high resistance to dichlorvos, suggesting that they should be discontinued; there is also some degree of resistance to malaria and there is a trend of development; other insecticides should be replaced or replaced by Avoid or delay the development of resistance.