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目的探讨α1 抗糜蛋白酶(α1 antichymotrypsin,α1 ACT)杂合缺失是否为儿童哮喘发病的遗传因素。方法应用火箭免疫电泳技术检测90例哮喘儿童、180例健康儿童及200例健康成人血浆α1 ACT含量 ,家系调查确定α1 ACT杂合缺失 ,统计学方法分析α1 ACT杂合缺失和非缺失患儿的有关临床资料。结果哮喘组、儿童对照组以及成人对照组α1 ACT杂合缺失频率依次为4.4 %、0、0.05 % ,哮喘组较成人对照组明显增高[Prevalenceradio(PR)=8.89, 2MH =5.68,95 %置信区间(1.47,53.60) ,P<0.05] ;且α1 ACT杂合缺失患儿哮喘初发年龄早、住院次数多、放射性过敏原吸附试验阳性率显著增高[PR=3.91, 2MH=10.190,95 %置信区间(1.69,9.03) ,P<0.01]。结论α1 ACT杂合缺失与儿童哮喘发病及其严重性存在一定的联系。
Objective To investigate whether the heterozygous deletion of α1 antichymotrypsin (α1 ACT) is a genetic predisposition to childhood asthma. Methods Plasma α1 ACT levels in 90 asthmatic children, 180 healthy children and 200 healthy adults were detected by rocket immunoelectrophoresis. A pedigree survey was performed to determine the loss of α1 ACT heterozygosity. Statistical analysis was performed to analyze the association between α1 ACT heterozygosity and non-deletion children Relevant clinical data. Results The frequencies of α1 ACT heterozygous deletion in asthmatic group, children control group and adult control group were 4.4%, 0% and 0.05%, respectively, which were significantly higher in asthma group than those in control group [Prevalence radio (PR) = 8.89, 2MH = 5.68, 95% confidence (1.47, 53.60), P <0.05]. The incidence of asthma in children with early heterozygosity for α1 ACT was earlier and the frequency of hospitalization was higher. The positive rate of radioactive allergen adsorption test was significantly higher (PR = 3.91, 2MH = 10.190, 95% Confidence interval (1.69, 9.03), P <0.01]. Conclusion The heterozygosity of α1 ACT is associated with the onset and severity of childhood asthma.