自发性细菌性腹膜炎(Spontaneousbacterialperi tonitis ,SBP)是肝硬化患者腹水急性细菌感染,而无外源性或腹腔内感染的其他来源[1] 。临床上如肝硬化患者腹水中中性粒细胞≥2 5 0×10 6 /L ,腹水培养阳性且缺乏继发性腹膜炎的证据就可诊断为SBP。其发生率在肝硬化住院患者中为 Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is an acute bacterial infection of ascites in cirrhotic patients without other sources of exogenous or intraperitoneal infection [1]. Clinically as cirrhosis patients with ascites neutrophils ≥ 250 × 10 6 / L, ascites culture positive and the lack of evidence of secondary peritonitis can be diagnosed as SBP. The incidence of cirrhosis in hospitalized patients