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现在,有关奥林匹克的研究已经涉及到政治、哲学、历史、文化等许多领域,本文仅把注意力集中在奥林匹克的建设活动,奥林匹克与建筑、城市的关系问题上。恩格斯曾对古希腊做过这样的评价:“我们在哲学中以及在其他许多领域中常常不得不回到这个小民族的成就方面来的原因之一,他们无所不包的才能与活动,给他们保证了在人类发展史上为其他任何民族所不能企求的地位。”当我们研究奥林匹克建设活动的历史时,也要从古希腊开始。现代奥运会来源于古希腊。古希腊奥林匹克运动会从公元前776年开始,每四年举行一次,一直持续到公元394年,被侵入希腊的罗马帝国皇帝狄奥多西下令禁止,总共举行了293届。古代奥林匹克运动会对古希腊各部落(城邦)之间的文化交流,对于古希腊城市文明的形成和发展起了重要的推动作用,这种作用受到城市历史研究学者的充分评价。美国著名的城市规划学者L.孟福德曾经这样说过:谁要想要用三个词来总结古希腊城市文化的杰出成就,这三个词就是:奥林匹克、特尔菲和考斯。就是这些中心,把人类文明推到如此高
Nowadays, research on the Olympics has involved politics, philosophy, history, culture and many other fields. This article only focuses on Olympic construction activities and the relationship between Olympics, architecture, and cities. Engels had made such an assessment of ancient Greece: “One of the reasons why we often have to return to the achievements of this small nation in philosophy and in many other fields is that they have all-encompassing talents and activities. They ensured that in the history of human development they cannot be pursued by any other nation." When we study the history of the Olympic construction activities, we must also start from ancient Greece. The modern Olympic Games come from ancient Greece. The Ancient Greek Olympic Games began in 776 BC and was held every four years until 394 AD. It was banned by the Roman emperor Theodosius who invaded Greece, and was held in 293 sessions. The cultural exchanges between ancient Greek Olympic tribes (city-states) played an important role in the formation and development of ancient Greek urban civilization. This role was fully evaluated by urban history scholars. L. Mundford, a well-known urban planning scholar in the United States, once said that anyone who wants to sum up the outstanding achievements of the ancient Greek city culture in three words: Olympics, Delphi and Cowes. It is these centers that push human civilization so high