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目的分析恩施土家族苗族自治州居民肺结核病登记情况,为政府制订结核病防治政策提供科学依据。方法设计专项调查表,由经过培训的医生负责对2007年结防机构登记的结核病人进行询问、填写,采用EXCEL电子表统计汇总,SPSS12.0软件进行相关统计学分析。结果(1)登记率少数民族明显高于汉族(P<0.001),土家族>汉族>苗族=其他少数民族;(2)少数民族男性和女性登记率均高于汉族的男性和女性,发病以15～64岁年龄组为主,汉族和少数民族相似高率为65～;(3)各个职业中农民病例数最多,学生居第二,(4)结核病发病与人均年收入成高度负相关关系,与受教育程度成高度负相关关系;(5)病人来源以主动就诊为主,平均就诊延迟时间为45.21d,少数民族平均就诊延迟也比汉族延长9.56d,50.7%的病人在出现症状30d以后就诊。结论经济因素仍是恩施土家族苗族自治州居民肺结核发病的首要因素,需加大经费投入和政策倾斜。
Objective To analyze the registration status of tuberculosis among residents living in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture and provide a scientific basis for the formulation of tuberculosis prevention and control policies by the government. Methods A special questionnaire was designed. Doctors trained were responsible for querying tuberculosis patients registered in the prevention and treatment institutions in 2007, completing the questionnaire, using the EXCEL electronic statistics summary and SPSS12.0 software for statistical analysis. Results (1) The registration rate of ethnic minorities was significantly higher than that of Han (P <0.001), Tujia> Han> Miao = other ethnic minorities; (2) The registration rates of ethnic minorities were higher than those of Han nationality Aged 15-64, with a similar high incidence rate of 65% for Han nationality and ethnic minorities; (3) the highest number of peasants in each occupation and the second in students; (4) The incidence of tuberculosis is highly negatively correlated with annual per capita income (5) The main source of active treatment was the patient with an average visit delay of 45.21 days. The average visit delay for ethnic minorities was also 9.56 days longer than that of the Han nationality, with 50.7% of the patients presenting with symptom 30 days After treatment. Conclusion The economic factor is still the primary factor for tuberculosis among residents of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, which needs to increase funding and policies.