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一、概述苏联能源分布极不平衡,欧洲地区拥有80％的工业产值,消耗了80％的能源,而90％的能源资源却在亚洲地区。为了适应这种情况,苏联能源开发重点逐步东移。1970—1980期间,亚洲地区所产煤炭占全国比重已由43.1％增加到53.8％,石油从18.1％增加到55％,天然气从29.8％增加到63.3％。从上面数字可以看出石油和天然气增长速度很快,煤炭增加较慢。而西伯利亚地区煤炭资源十分丰富。在西伯利亚的克拉斯诺亚尔斯克地区中部,沿西伯利亚铁路干线绵延3000公里,面积50,000平方公里,600米以内的煤炭储量为6,700亿吨,是世界七大煤田之一,适宜
I. Overview The energy distribution in the Soviet Union is extremely unbalanced. Europe owns 80% of industrial output, consumes 80% of energy, and 90% of its energy resources are in Asia. In order to adapt to this situation, the focus of Soviet energy development gradually moved eastward. During 1970-1980, the proportion of coal produced in Asia accounted for 53.8% of the national total, from 18.1% to 55% and natural gas from 29.8% to 63.3%. As can be seen from the above figures, oil and natural gas have enjoyed rapid growth and coal growth has been slower. The Siberia region is very rich in coal resources. In the central part of the Krasnoyarsk region of Siberia, the Siberian Railway stretches for 3,000 kilometers and covers an area of 50,000 square kilometers. The coal reserves within 600 meters are 670 billion tons, making it one of the seven major coal fields in the world.