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管脚级故障注入技术被广泛应用于容错系统工程原型的测评试验中，其应用效果直接取决于试验中所采用的管脚级故障模型的精确性．文中首先介绍了一种通用的ＩＣ模型，并一般性地分析了故障传播过程．然后提出故障映射函数以及用于描述管脚级故障模型的管脚级故障映射函数的概念，并定义了构成管脚级故障模型的３种属性．文章着重讨论了利用试验方法获取管脚级故障模型的推算过程，从而最终形成用于管脚级故障注入试验中的全局管脚级故障模型．最后，文章以一个实例说明该方法的应用过程，其实验结果证明了该方法用于管脚级故障模型生成的有效性．
Pin-level fault injection technology is widely used in the fault-tolerant system engineering prototype evaluation test, the application of which depends directly on the test used in the pin-level fault model accuracy. Firstly, a general IC model is introduced and the fault propagation process is analyzed in general. Then the fault mapping function and the concept of pin-level fault mapping function used to describe the pin-level fault model are proposed and three kinds of attributes that constitute the pin-level fault model are defined. The article focuses on the derivation of the test method to obtain the pin-level fault model, and finally the global pin-level fault model for the pin-level fault injection test is finally formed. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the application of this method. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method for pin-level fault model generation.