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近年,无论在经济发达的国家或是边远落后地区,早产发生率均有上升趋势。早产儿死亡占新生儿死亡的45.9%～75%,存活的早产儿中8%～25%留有神经及智力方面的后遗症。早产的原因尚未阐明,但内在炎症反应是其主要病因。多种病原体可导致宫内感染,促进基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)在成纤维细胞内快速表达,分解细胞外基质和调节氨基酸葡聚糖,刺激羊膜、蜕膜和绒毛膜产生前列腺素,从而促使胎膜早破、宫颈成熟和扩张、子宫收缩乃至胎盘剥离,导致早产的发生。
In recent years, both in the economically developed countries or outdated areas, the incidence of preterm birth is on the rise. Premature infant deaths accounted for 45.9% to 75% of neonatal deaths and neurological and intellectual sequelae in 8% to 25% of surviving preterm infants. The cause of prematurity has not been elucidated, but the underlying inflammatory response is the major cause. A variety of pathogens can cause intrauterine infection, promote the rapid expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in fibroblasts, break down the extracellular matrix and regulate amino acid dextran, stimulating the production of prostaglandins in the amnion, decidua and chorion to promote fetal Premature rupture of membranes, cervical maturation and expansion, uterine contractions and placental detachment, resulting in the occurrence of premature birth.