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目的比较社区常见的3种不同管理方法对2型糖尿病患者自我管理知识和技能掌握的效果。方法2012年8月~10月社区门诊招募213例2型糖尿病患者,按简单随机及自愿原则,分为标准组、强化组和综合组,人数分别为106人、75人、32人,从2012年11月开始分别按照不同的管理方法进行为期18个月的分组管理。比较管理前后3组空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白的达标率、糖尿病相关知识知晓及行为改善情况。结果干预前3组的空腹血糖及糖化血红蛋白达标率差异均无统计学意义(均有P>0.05),管理18个月后空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白均下降,3组之间达标率差异均有统计学意义(均有P<0.05)。3组患者对糖尿病知识知晓情况、自我管理行为比研究初始有所改善,改善率差异均有统计学意义(均有P<0.05)。结论综合管理更有利于糖尿病患者的病情控制,提高空腹血糖和糖化血红蛋白的达标率以及患者对糖尿病相关知识及技能的掌握率。
Objective To compare the effects of three different management methods commonly used in the community on self-management knowledge and skills of patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods From August to October 2012, 213 outpatients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in community clinics. According to the principle of randomization and voluntariness, they were divided into standard group, intensive group and comprehensive group. The numbers were 106, 75 and 32 respectively. From 2012 Beginning in November of each year, they will conduct 18-month group management according to different management methods. The fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin compliance rate, diabetes-related knowledge and behavioral improvement were compared between the three groups before and after management. Results There was no significant difference in fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin between the three groups before intervention (all P> 0.05). After 18 months of management, the fasting blood glucose and HbA1c decreased, and the differences among the three groups were statistically significant Significance (both P <0.05). The knowledge of diabetes and self-management behaviors in the three groups were better than those in the initial stage of the study, and the improvement rates were all statistically significant (both P <0.05). Conclusion Integrated management is more conducive to the control of patients with diabetes, improve the compliance rate of fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin, as well as patients with diabetes-related knowledge and skills to master the rate.