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为了探讨玉米光合性状的相关性及遗传机制,利用2个不同遗传背景的F2群体对叶绿素a质量分数、叶绿素b质量分数、叶绿素总质量分数、净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度和蒸腾速率等10个光合性状进行了相关性及QTL分析.在相关性分析中,对于Y群体,叶绿素质量分数a、叶绿素质量分数b和叶绿素总质量分数3个性状在不同时期的相关性不显著;而对于R群体,这3个性状在不同时期的相关性极显著,达到高度相关.对于其余性状间的相关,两群体表现一致性高.同一时期的叶绿素a质量分数、叶绿素b质量分数和叶绿素总质量分数间为高度相关,净光合速率与气孔导度的相关、净光合速率与蒸腾速率的相关、气孔导度与蒸腾速率的相关为高度相关,气孔导度与胞间CO2浓度的相关为中度相关,叶绿素质量分数与净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾速率间均为弱度相关.在QTL分析中,对于Y群体,五叶期检测到控制叶绿素a质量分数、叶绿素b质量分数、叶绿素总质量分数的QTL各1个,位于第4染色体的umc2391-mmc0371之间,单个QTL可解释表型变异的8.65%~9.87%;乳熟期检测到控制叶绿素a质量分数、叶绿素b质量分数、叶绿素总质量分数的QTL各1个,位于第10染色体的mmc0501-bnlg1451之间,单个QTL可解释表型变异的6.77%~6.93%;散粉期检测到1个净光合速率QTL,1个气孔导度QTL,2个胞间CO2浓度QTL,2个蒸腾速率QTL,单个QTL可解释表型变异的5.64%~7.73%.对于R群体,五叶期检测到3个叶绿素a质量分数QTL、2个叶绿素b质量分数QTL、3个叶绿素总质量分数QTL,其中1个控制叶绿素总质量分数的QTLqRFCt-1-2贡献率超过10%,为主效QTL;乳熟期检测到2个叶绿素a质量分数QTL、3个叶绿素b质量分数QTL、2个叶绿素总质量分数QTL;散粉期检测到2个净光合速率QTL,1个气孔导度QTL,1个胞间CO2浓度QTL,1个蒸腾速率QTL,单个QTL可解释表型变异的5.79%~9.24%.2个群体没有检测到“一致性”QTL,而且单个QTL的贡献率较小,说明光合性状是受微效多基因控制的数量性状,遗传机理复杂,需做进一步深入研究.
In order to explore the correlation and genetic mechanism of maize photosynthetic traits, F2 population with two different genetic backgrounds was used to analyze the chlorophyll a mass fraction, chlorophyll b mass fraction, chlorophyll total mass fraction, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, Transpiration rate and other 10 photosynthetic traits were correlated and QTL analysis.Correlation analysis, for the Y population, chlorophyll content a, chlorophyll content b and total chlorophyll content of three traits in different periods of correlation was not significant While the correlation between the three traits was highly significant at different periods for R population.The correlation between the other traits was high.The two groups showed high consistency.The chlorophyll a mass fraction, chlorophyll b mass fraction, Correlation between net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance, net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate, correlation between stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were highly correlated, and correlation between stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration For the moderate correlation, the chlorophyll content was related to the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration rate In the QTL analysis, one QTL for chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll content was detected in the five-leaf stage for Y population, located between umc2391-mmc0371 on chromosome 4, and a single QTL was Interpretation of the phenotypic variation of 8.65% ~ 9.87%; millet detected detected control chlorophyll a mass fraction, chlorophyll b mass fraction, chlorophyll total mass fraction of QTL, located in chromosome 10 mmc0501-bnlg1451, a single QTL Which explained 6.77% ~ 6.93% of the phenotypic variation. One QTL for net photosynthetic rate, one stomatal conductance QTL, two intercellular CO2 concentration QTLs and two transpiration rate QTLs were detected in the powdery stage. A single QTL explained the phenotype Variation of 5.64% ~ 7.73% .For the R population, three QTLs for chlorophyll a, two QTLs for chlorophyll b and three total QTLs for chlorophyll content were detected in the five-leaf stage, of which one controlled the total chlorophyll content The QTL for QTLqRFCt-1-2 contributed more than 10% of the total QTL. Two QTLs for chlorophyll a, three QTL for chlorophyll b and two QTL for total chlorophyll content were detected during milk ripening stage and 2 Net photosynthetic rate QTL, 1 stomatal conductance QTL, 1 intercellular CO2 concentration QTL, Transpiration rate QTL, a single QTL explained 5.79% ~ 9.24% of the phenotypic variation .2 populations did not detect the “consistent” QTL, and the contribution of individual QTLs was small, indicating that photosynthetic traits are regulated by microsatellite Control of quantitative traits, genetic mechanism is complex, need to do further research.