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陪审制,即平民参与司法审判的制度在世界上多数国家都是一个客观存在。各国的陪审制在运作模式、形成背景、功能价值和发展走向上存在一些显著的差异,并形成了不同的模式。通过对不同模式的对比考察可以发现,人民主权原则和司法民主精神是其基本的价值依托。对于中国来说,陪审制是一个“舶来品”。新中国的人民陪审员制度是在新民主主义革命的实践中萌芽的,直到20世纪80年代才在全国范围内开始制度化、规范化。但是,中国的人民陪审员制度在司法实践中的实施效果并不十分理想,引起了人们关于制度存废的激烈争议。在看待陪审制的未来走向的问题上,我们必须立足于中国现实,通过对人民陪审员制度进行系统地改造,即通过采取扩大陪审员参与庭审的人数、合理缩小陪审的适用范围、完善相关配套机制等措施,以使其更好地服务于发扬人民民主、保障人民权利、保障司法公正和提升司法公信力的司法改革的总目标。
Jury system, that is, the system in which civilians participate in judicial trials is an objective reality in most countries in the world. Jury system in each country in the mode of operation, the formation of the background, the value of the function and development there are some significant differences, and formed a different model. Through the comparative study of different modes, we can find that the principle of people’s sovereignty and the spirit of judicial democracy are their basic values. For China, jury system is a “exotic ”. The system of people’s assessors in New China sprouted in the practice of the new-democratic revolution. It was not until the 1980s that it began to institutionalize and standardize nationwide. However, the implementation of the system of people’s assessors in China in judicial practice is not very satisfactory and has caused heated debates over the system’s existence and abolition. On the question of the future direction of jury system, we must base ourselves on the reality of China and systematically reform the system of people’s jurors by reasonably narrowing the scope of application of jury trials and improving related facilities Mechanism so as to make it better serve the general objective of judicial reform that carries forward the people’s democracy, safeguard the rights of the people, safeguard the judicial impartiality and enhance the credibility of the judiciary.